Phylogenetic studies on the synaptic vesicle glutamate transport system
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Phylogenetic studies on the synaptic vesicle glutamate transport system.
The ATP-dependent uptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles isolated form mammalian brains is well characterized. Glutamate uptake requires an electrochemical proton gradient, is specific for glutamate over other amino acids, and is stimulated by chloride. To determine whether these characteristics are fundamental to the vesicular uptake system, vesicles were isolated from the brain and centra...
متن کاملAccumulated glutamate levels in the synaptic vesicle are not maintained in the absence of active transport.
We have investigated factors which may affect accumulated glutamate levels in synaptic vesicles and glutamate efflux. Agents which dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient resulted in a rapid reduction of steady-state vesicular glutamate levels, which was prevented by N-ethylmaleimide. Glutamate efflux was found to occur even in the presence of an electrochemical proton gradient, but was e...
متن کاملSynapse-Assembly Proteins Maintain Synaptic Vesicle Cluster Stability and Regulate Synaptic Vesicle Transport in Caenorhabditis elegans.
The functional integrity of neurons requires the bidirectional active transport of synaptic vesicles (SVs) in axons. The kinesin motor KIF1A transports SVs from somas to stable SV clusters at synapses, while dynein moves them in the opposite direction. However, it is unclear how SV transport is regulated and how SVs at clusters interact with motor proteins. We addressed these questions by isola...
متن کاملKinetics of Synaptic Vesicle Refilling with Neurotransmitter Glutamate
After releasing neurotransmitter, synaptic vesicles are retrieved by endocytosis and recycled via fast and slow pathways to be reused for synaptic transmission. To maintain the synaptic efficacy, vesicles must be refilled with neurotransmitter during recycling. However, the refilling speed estimated in isolated or reconstructed vesicles is, thus far, too slow to fill up vesicles within the peri...
متن کاملThe Vesicle Protein SAM-4 Regulates the Processivity of Synaptic Vesicle Transport
Axonal transport of synaptic vesicles (SVs) is a KIF1A/UNC-104 mediated process critical for synapse development and maintenance yet little is known of how SV transport is regulated. Using C. elegans as an in vivo model, we identified SAM-4 as a novel conserved vesicular component regulating SV transport. Processivity, but not velocity, of SV transport was reduced in sam-4 mutants. sam-4 displa...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of Neuroscience
سال: 1991
ISSN: 0270-6474,1529-2401
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.11-06-01822.1991